Connect to a Kafka cluster

You can connect to a Kafka cluster by:

• using the kcat console client. To avoid possible connection errors, we recommend using the librdkafka library version 2.6.1 or higher;
• program code.

All methods support connection with SSL and without SSL.

When connecting, specify the port and address.

Connection ports

Use the following ports to connect to Kafka:

• 9092 — port for connections without an SSL certificate;
• 9093 — port for connections with an SSL certificate.

Connection addresses

You can choose a connection address based on one of the following scenarios:

• connecting to a cluster in a public subnet;
• connecting from a private subnet to a cluster in a private subnet.

It is not possible to connect to a cluster in a private subnet from the internet.

You can view the connection address in the control panel.

Connecting to a cluster in a public subnet

If the cluster is in a public subnet, you can connect to the nodes using a DNS address or an IP address from the public subnet.

We recommend connecting using the DNS address. The master discovery mechanism is used for DNS addresses in the cluster: the address is linked to the node role, not the node itself. If the master becomes unavailable, one of the replicas becomes the new master, and the address moves to the new node along with the role.

When connecting via an IP address from a public subnet, the master discovery mechanism is not used. If one of the replicas becomes the new master, the master's IP address will change, and the connection using the old IP address will stop working.

Connecting from a private subnet to a cluster in a private subnet

If you are connecting from a private subnet to a cluster in a private subnet, you can use the DNS address or the private IP address.

We recommend connecting using the DNS address. The master discovery mechanism is used for DNS addresses in the cluster: the address is linked to the node role, not the node itself. If the master becomes unavailable, one of the replicas becomes the new master, and the address moves to the new node along with the role.

When connecting via a private IP address, the master discovery mechanism is not used. If one of the replicas becomes the new master, the master's IP address will change, and the connection using the old IP address will stop working.

To connect from another private subnet, first connect both private subnets to a cloud router.

View the connection address

1. In the Control Panel, in the top menu, click Products and select Cloud Databases.
2. Open the Active tab.
3. Open the database cluster page → Connection tab.
4. In the Connection addresses block, view the address.

Connect with SSL

Connecting using TLS(SSL) encryption ensures a secure connection between your server and the database cluster.

Bash

For your information

To avoid possible errors when connecting via the kcat console client, we recommend using the librdkafka library version 2.6.1 or higher.

1. Download the root certificate and place it in the ~/.kafka/ folder:

   mkdir -p ~/.kafka/
   wget https://storage.dbaas.selcloud.ru/CA.pem -O ~/.kafka/root.crt
   chmod 0600 ~/.kafka/root.crt

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   kcat -C \
   -b <host>:<port> \
   -t <topic_name> \
   -X sasl.username=<user_name> \
   -X sasl.password=<password> \
   -X security.protocol=SASL_SSL \
   -X sasl.mechanisms=SCRAM-SHA-512 \
   -X ssl.ca.location=$HOME/.kafka/root.crt

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   kcat -P \
   -b <host>:<port> \
   -t <topic_name> \
   -X sasl.username=<user_name> \
   -X sasl.password=<password> \
   -X security.protocol=SASL_SSL \
   -X sasl.mechanisms=SCRAM-SHA-512 \
   -X ssl.ca.location=$HOME/.kafka/root.crt

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the producer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

Python (confluent-kafka)

1. Download the root certificate and place it in the ~/.kafka/ folder:

   mkdir -p ~/.kafka/
   wget https://storage.dbaas.selcloud.ru/CA.pem -O ~/.kafka/root.crt
   chmod 0600 ~/.kafka/root.crt

2. Install the confluent-kafka library:

   pip install confluent-kafka

3. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   import confluent_kafka
   
   def error_callback(err):
       raise err
   
   consumer = confluent_kafka.Consumer({
       "bootstrap.servers": "<host>:<port>",
       "security.protocol": "SASL_SSL",
       "sasl.mechanism": "SCRAM-SHA-512",
       "sasl.username": "<user_name>",
       "sasl.password": "<password>",
       "group.id": "example",
       "ssl.ca.location": "<path>",
       "auto.offset.reset": "earliest",
       "enable.auto.commit": False,
       "error_cb": error_callback,
   })
   
   consumer.subscribe(["<topic_name>"])
   
   while True:
       record = consumer.poll(timeout=1.0)
       if record is not None:
           if record.error():
               if record.error().code() == confluent_kafka.KafkaError._PARTITION_EOF:
                   print(f"{record.topic()} [{record.partition()}]: reached end at offset {record.offset()}")
               elif record.error():
                   raise confluent_kafka.KafkaException(record.error())
           else:
               print(record.value())
   
   consumer.close()

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

4. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   import confluent_kafka
   
   def error_callback(err):
       raise err
   
   producer = confluent_kafka.Producer({
       "bootstrap.servers": "<host>:<port>",
       "security.protocol": "SASL_SSL",
       "sasl.mechanism": "SCRAM-SHA-512",
       "sasl.username": "<user_name>",
       "sasl.password": "<password>",
       "ssl.ca.location": "<path>",
       "error_cb": error_callback,
   })
   producer.produce("<topic_name>", "message")
   producer.flush(60)

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the producer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Python (kafka-python)

1. Download the root certificate and place it in the ~/.kafka/ folder:

   mkdir -p ~/.kafka/
   wget https://storage.dbaas.selcloud.ru/CA.pem -O ~/.kafka/root.crt
   chmod 0600 ~/.kafka/root.crt

2. Install the kafka-python library:

   pip install kafka-python

3. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   import kafka
   
   consumer = kafka.KafkaConsumer(
       "<topic_name>",
       bootstrap_servers="<host>:<port>",
       security_protocol="SASL_SSL",
       sasl_mechanism="SCRAM-SHA-512",
       ssl_cafile="<path>",
       sasl_plain_username="<user_name>",
       sasl_plain_password="<password>",
   )
   for record in consumer:
       print(record)

   Specify:

   • <topic_name> — topic name
   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

4. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   import kafka
   
   producer = kafka.KafkaProducer(
       bootstrap_servers="<host>:<port>",
       security_protocol="SASL_SSL",
       sasl_mechanism="SCRAM-SHA-512",
       ssl_cafile="<path>",
       sasl_plain_username="<user_name>",
       sasl_plain_password="<password>",
   )
   future = producer.send(
       topic="<topic_name>",
       value=b"message",
   )
   result = future.get(timeout=60)
   print(result)

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate;
   • <user_name> — username with the producer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Go

1. Download the root certificate and place it in the ~/.kafka/ folder:

   mkdir -p ~/.kafka/
   wget https://storage.dbaas.selcloud.ru/CA.pem -O ~/.kafka/root.crt
   chmod 0600 ~/.kafka/root.crt

2. Create the scram.go file:

   scram.go

   package main
   
   import (
       "crypto/sha256"
       "crypto/sha512"
   
       "github.com/xdg-go/scram"
   )
   
   var (
       SHA256 scram.HashGeneratorFcn = sha256.New
       SHA512 scram.HashGeneratorFcn = sha512.New
   )
   
   type XDGSCRAMClient struct {
       *scram.Client
       *scram.ClientConversation
       scram.HashGeneratorFcn
   }
   
   func (x *XDGSCRAMClient) Begin(userName, password, authzID string) (err error) {
       x.Client, err = x.HashGeneratorFcn.NewClient(userName, password, authzID)
       if err != nil {
           return err
       }
       x.ClientConversation = x.Client.NewConversation()
       return nil
   }
   
   func (x *XDGSCRAMClient) Step(challenge string) (response string, err error) {
       response, err = x.ClientConversation.Step(challenge)
       return
   }
   
   func (x *XDGSCRAMClient) Done() bool {
       return x.ClientConversation.Done()
   }

3. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   package main
   
   import (
       "crypto/tls"
       "crypto/x509"
       "fmt"
       "io/ioutil"
       "os"
       "os/signal"
       "strings"
   
       "github.com/IBM/sarama"
   )
   
   const BROKERS = "<host>:<port>"
   const USER = "<user_name>"
   const PASSWORD = "<password>"
   const TOPIC = "<topic_name>"
   const CERT = "<path>"
   
   func main() {
       brokers := BROKERS
       splitBrokers := strings.Split(brokers, ",")
       conf := sarama.NewConfig()
       conf.Producer.RequiredAcks = sarama.WaitForAll
       conf.Version = sarama.V3_3_1_0
       conf.Consumer.Return.Errors = true
       conf.ClientID = "go_client"
       conf.Metadata.Full = true
       conf.Net.SASL.Enable = true
       conf.Net.SASL.User = USER
       conf.Net.SASL.Password = PASSWORD
       conf.Net.SASL.Handshake = true
       conf.Net.SASL.SCRAMClientGeneratorFunc = func() sarama.SCRAMClient {
           return &XDGSCRAMClient{HashGeneratorFcn: SHA512}
       }
       conf.Net.SASL.Mechanism = sarama.SASLMechanism(sarama.SASLTypeSCRAMSHA512)
   
       certs := x509.NewCertPool()
       pemPath := CERT
       pemData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pemPath)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't load cert: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
       certs.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemData)
   
       conf.Net.TLS.Enable = true
       conf.Net.TLS.Config = &tls.Config{
           RootCAs: certs,
       }
   
       master, err := sarama.NewConsumer(splitBrokers, conf)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't create consumer: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
   
       defer func() {
           if err := master.Close(); err != nil {
               panic(err)
           }
       }()
   
       consumer, err := master.ConsumePartition(TOPIC, 0, sarama.OffsetOldest)
       if err != nil {
           panic(err)
       }
   
       signals := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
       signal.Notify(signals, os.Interrupt)
   
       doneCh := make(chan struct{})
       go func() {
           for {
               select {
               case err := <-consumer.Errors():
                   fmt.Println(err)
               case msg := <-consumer.Messages():
                   fmt.Println("Received messages", string(msg.Key), string(msg.Value))
               case <-signals:
                   doneCh <- struct{}{}
               }
           }
       }()
   
       <-doneCh
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate.

4. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   package main
   
   import (
       "crypto/tls"
       "crypto/x509"
       "fmt"
       "io/ioutil"
       "strings"
   
       "github.com/IBM/sarama"
   )
   
   const BROKERS = "<host>:<port>"
   const USER = "<user_name>"
   const PASSWORD = "<password>"
   const TOPIC = "<topic_name>"
   const CERT = "<path>"
   
   func main() {
       brokers := BROKERS
       splitBrokers := strings.Split(brokers, ",")
       conf := sarama.NewConfig()
       conf.Producer.RequiredAcks = sarama.WaitForAll
       conf.Producer.Return.Successes = true
       conf.Version = sarama.V3_3_1_0
       conf.ClientID = "go_client"
       conf.Net.SASL.Enable = true
       conf.Net.SASL.Handshake = true
       conf.Net.SASL.User = USER
       conf.Net.SASL.Password = PASSWORD
       conf.Net.SASL.SCRAMClientGeneratorFunc = func() sarama.SCRAMClient {
           return &XDGSCRAMClient{HashGeneratorFcn: SHA512}
       }
       conf.Net.SASL.Mechanism = sarama.SASLMechanism(sarama.SASLTypeSCRAMSHA512)
   
       certs := x509.NewCertPool()
       pemPath := CERT
       pemData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pemPath)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't load cert: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
       certs.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemData)
   
       conf.Net.TLS.Enable = true
       conf.Net.TLS.Config = &tls.Config{
           RootCAs: certs,
       }
   
       syncProducer, err := sarama.NewSyncProducer(splitBrokers, conf)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't create producer: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
   
       msg := &sarama.ProducerMessage{
           Topic: TOPIC,
           Value: sarama.StringEncoder("message"),
       }
       _, _, err = syncProducer.SendMessage(msg)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't send message: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate.

Node.js

1. Download the root certificate and place it in the ~/.kafka/ folder:

   mkdir -p ~/.kafka/
   wget https://storage.dbaas.selcloud.ru/CA.pem -O ~/.kafka/root.crt
   chmod 0600 ~/.kafka/root.crt

2. Install the kafkajs library:

   npm install kafkajs

3. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   const fs = require('fs');
   const { Kafka } = require('kafkajs');
   
   const config = {
     brokers: ['<host>:<port>'],
     ssl: {
       ca: [fs.readFileSync('<path>', 'utf-8')],
     },
     sasl: {
       mechanism: 'scram-sha-512',
       username: '<user_name>',
       password: '<password>',
     },
   };
   
   const kafka = new Kafka(config);
   const consumer = kafka.consumer({ groupId: 'example' });
   
   const run = async () => {
     await consumer.connect();
     await consumer.subscribe({
       topic: '<topic_name>',
       fromBeginning: true,
     });
   
     await consumer.run({
       eachMessage: async ({ message }) => {
        console.log({ value: message.value.toString() });
       },
     });
   };
   
   run();

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

4. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   const fs = require('fs');
   const { Kafka } = require('kafkajs');
   
   const config = {
     brokers: ['<host>:<port>'],
     ssl: {
       ca: [fs.readFileSync('<path>', 'utf-8')],
     },
     sasl: {
       mechanism: 'scram-sha-512',
       username: '<user_name>',
       password: '<password>',
     },
   };
   
   const kafka = new Kafka(config);
   const producer = kafka.producer();
   
   const run = async () => {
     await producer.connect();
     await producer.send({
       topic: '<topic_name>',
       messages: [{ value: 'message' }],
     });
     await producer.disconnect();
   };
   
   run();

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <path> — full path to the root certificate;
   • <user_name> — username with the producer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Java

1. Download the root certificate and place it in the ~/.kafka/ folder:

   mkdir -p ~/.kafka/
   wget https://storage.dbaas.selcloud.ru/CA.pem -O ~/.kafka/root.crt
   chmod 0600 ~/.kafka/root.crt

2. Go to the directory where the Java certificate store will be located:

   cd /etc/security

3. Add the SSL certificate to the Java Key Store (JKS):

   keytool \
   -importcert \
   -alias RootCA \
   -file ~/.kafka/root.crt \
   -keystore ssl \
   -storepass <keystore password> \
   -noprompt

   Specify <keystore_password> — keystore password for extra protection.

4. Create a configuration file for Maven:

   pom.xml

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
       <groupId>com.example</groupId>
       <artifactId>app</artifactId>
       <packaging>jar</packaging>
       <version>1.0</version>
       <properties>
           <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
           <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
       </properties>
       <dependencies>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
               <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
               <version>2.0.7</version>
           </dependency>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
               <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
               <version>2.14.2</version>
           </dependency>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
               <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
               <version>3.4.0</version>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
       <build>
           <finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</finalName>
           <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
           <resources>
               <resource>
                   <directory>src</directory>
               </resource>
           </resources>
           <plugins>
               <plugin>
                   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                   <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                   <executions>
                       <execution>
                           <goals>
                               <goal>attached</goal>
                           </goals>
                           <phase>package</phase>
                           <configuration>
                               <descriptorRefs>
                                   <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                               </descriptorRefs>
                               <archive>
                                   <manifest>
                                       <mainClass>com.example.App</mainClass>
                                   </manifest>
                               </archive>
                           </configuration>
                       </execution>
                   </executions>
               </plugin>
               <plugin>
                   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                   <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                   <version>3.1.0</version>
                   <configuration>
                       <archive>
                           <manifest>
                               <mainClass>com.example.App</mainClass>
                           </manifest>
                       </archive>
                   </configuration>
               </plugin>
           </plugins>
       </build>
   </project>

5. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   src/com/example/App.java

   package com.example;
   
   import java.util.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.*;
   
   public class App {
       private static final String HOST = "<host>:<port>";
       private static final String TOPIC = "<topic_name>";
       private static final String USER = "<user_name>";
       private static final String PASSWORD = "<password>";
       private static final String TS_FILE = "/etc/security/ssl";
       private static final String TS_PASSWORD = "<keystore_password>";
   
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           String jaasCfg = String.format("org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required username=\"%s\" password=\"%s\";", USER, PASSWORD);
   
           String deserializer = StringDeserializer.class.getName();
           Properties props = new Properties();
           props.put("bootstrap.servers", HOST);
           props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
           props.put("group.id", "example");
           props.put("key.deserializer", deserializer);
           props.put("value.deserializer", deserializer);
           props.put("security.protocol", "SASL_SSL");
           props.put("sasl.mechanism", "SCRAM-SHA-512");
           props.put("sasl.jaas.config", jaasCfg);
           props.put("ssl.truststore.location", TS_FILE);
           props.put("ssl.truststore.password", TS_PASSWORD);
   
           Consumer<String, String>consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
           consumer.subscribe(Arrays.asList(new String[] {TOPIC}));
   
           while (true) {
               ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(100);
               for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record: records) {
                   System.out.println(record.value());
               }
           }
       }
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <keystore_password> — keystore password.

6. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   src/com/example/App.java

   package com.example;
   
   import java.util.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
   
   public class App {
       private static final String HOST = "<host>:<port>";
       private static final String TOPIC = "<topic_name>";
       private static final String USER = "<user_name>";
       private static final String PASSWORD = "<password>";
       private static final String TS_FILE = "/etc/security/ssl";
       private static final String TS_PASSWORD = "<keystore_password>";
   
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           String jaasCfg = String.format("org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required username=\"%s\" password=\"%s\";", USER, PASSWORD);
   
           String serializer = StringSerializer.class.getName();
           Properties props = new Properties();
           props.put("bootstrap.servers", HOST);
           props.put("acks", "all");
           props.put("key.serializer", serializer);
           props.put("value.serializer", serializer);
           props.put("security.protocol", "SASL_SSL");
           props.put("sasl.mechanism", "SCRAM-SHA-512");
           props.put("sasl.jaas.config", jaasCfg);
           props.put("ssl.truststore.location", TS_FILE);
           props.put("ssl.truststore.password", TS_PASSWORD);
   
           Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
           try {
               producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>(TOPIC, "key", "message")).get();
               producer.flush();
               producer.close();
           } catch (Exception ex) {
               System.out.println(ex);
               producer.close();
           }
       }
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the producer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <keystore_password> — certificate password.

7. Build and run the application:

   mvn clean package
   java -jar target/app-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar

Connect without SSL

Bash

For your information

To avoid possible errors when connecting via the kcat console client, we recommend using the librdkafka library version 2.6.1 or higher.

1. Open the CLI.

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   kcat -C \
   -b <host>:<port> \
   -t <topic_name> \
   -X sasl.username=<user_name> \
   -X sasl.password=<password> \
   -X security.protocol=SASL_PLAINTEXT \
   -X sasl.mechanisms=SCRAM-SHA-512

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   kcat -P \
   -b <host>:<port> \
   -t <topic_name> \
   -X sasl.username=<user_name> \
   -X sasl.password=<password> \
   -X security.protocol=SASL_PLAINTEXT \
   -X sasl.mechanisms=SCRAM-SHA-512

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the producer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

Python (confluent-kafka)

1. Install the confluent-kafka library:

   pip install confluent-kafka

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   import confluent_kafka
   
   def error_callback(err):
       raise err
   
   consumer = confluent_kafka.Consumer({
       "bootstrap.servers": "<host>:<port>",
       "security.protocol": "SASL_PLAINTEXT",
       "sasl.mechanism": "SCRAM-SHA-512",
       "sasl.username": "<user_name>",
       "sasl.password": "<password>",
       "group.id": "example",
       "auto.offset.reset": "earliest",
       "enable.auto.commit": False,
       "error_cb": error_callback,
   })
   
   consumer.subscribe(["<topic_name>"])
   
   while True:
       record = consumer.poll(timeout=1.0)
       if record is not None:
           if record.error():
               if record.error().code() == confluent_kafka.KafkaError._PARTITION_EOF:
                   print(f"{record.topic()} [{record.partition()}]: reached end at offset {record.offset()}")
               elif record.error():
                   raise confluent_kafka.KafkaException(record.error())
           else:
               print(record.value())
   
   consumer.close()

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   import confluent_kafka
   
   def error_callback(err):
       raise err
   
   producer = confluent_kafka.Producer({
       "bootstrap.servers": "<host>:<port>",
       "security.protocol": "SASL_PLAINTEXT",
       "sasl.mechanism": "SCRAM-SHA-512",
       "sasl.username": "<user_name>",
       "sasl.password": "<password>",
       "error_cb": error_callback,
   })
   producer.produce("<topic_name>", "message")
   producer.flush(60)

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — database username;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Python (kafka-python)

1. Install the kafka-python library:

   pip install kafka-python

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   import kafka
   
   consumer = kafka.KafkaConsumer(
       "<topic_name>",
       bootstrap_servers="<host>:<port>",
       security_protocol="SASL_PLAINTEXT",
       sasl_mechanism="SCRAM-SHA-512",
       sasl_plain_username="<user_name>",
       sasl_plain_password="<password>",
   )
   for record in consumer:
       print(record)

   Specify:

   • <topic_name> — topic name
   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   import kafka
   
   producer = kafka.KafkaProducer(
       bootstrap_servers="<host>:<port>",
       security_protocol="SASL_PLAINTEXT",
       sasl_mechanism="SCRAM-SHA-512",
       sasl_plain_username="<user_name>",
       sasl_plain_password="<password>",
   )
   future = producer.send(
       topic="<topic_name>",
       value=b"message",
   )
   result = future.get(timeout=60)
   print(result)

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — database username;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Go

1. Create the scram.go file:

   scram.go

   package main
   
   import (
       "crypto/sha256"
       "crypto/sha512"
   
       "github.com/xdg-go/scram"
   )
   
   var (
       SHA256 scram.HashGeneratorFcn = sha256.New
       SHA512 scram.HashGeneratorFcn = sha512.New
   )
   
   type XDGSCRAMClient struct {
       *scram.Client
       *scram.ClientConversation
       scram.HashGeneratorFcn
   }
   
   func (x *XDGSCRAMClient) Begin(userName, password, authzID string) (err error) {
       x.Client, err = x.HashGeneratorFcn.NewClient(userName, password, authzID)
       if err != nil {
           return err
       }
       x.ClientConversation = x.Client.NewConversation()
       return nil
   }
   
   func (x *XDGSCRAMClient) Step(challenge string) (response string, err error) {
       response, err = x.ClientConversation.Step(challenge)
       return
   }
   
   func (x *XDGSCRAMClient) Done() bool {
       return x.ClientConversation.Done()
   }

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   package main
   
   import (
       "fmt"
       "os"
       "os/signal"
       "strings"
   
       "github.com/IBM/sarama"
   )
   
   const BROKERS = "<host>:<port>"
   const USER = "<user_name>"
   const PASSWORD = "<password>"
   const TOPIC = "<topic_name>"
   
   func main() {
       brokers := BROKERS
       splitBrokers := strings.Split(brokers, ",")
       conf := sarama.NewConfig()
       conf.Producer.RequiredAcks = sarama.WaitForAll
       conf.Version = sarama.V3_3_1_0
       conf.Consumer.Return.Errors = true
       conf.ClientID = "go_client"
       conf.Metadata.Full = true
       conf.Net.SASL.Enable = true
       conf.Net.SASL.User = USER
       conf.Net.SASL.Password = PASSWORD
       conf.Net.SASL.Handshake = true
       conf.Net.SASL.SCRAMClientGeneratorFunc = func() sarama.SCRAMClient {
           return &XDGSCRAMClient{HashGeneratorFcn: SHA512}
       }
       conf.Net.SASL.Mechanism = sarama.SASLMechanism(sarama.SASLTypeSCRAMSHA512)
       conf.Net.TLS.Enable = false
   
       master, err := sarama.NewConsumer(splitBrokers, conf)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't create consumer: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
   
       defer func() {
           if err := master.Close(); err != nil {
               panic(err)
           }
       }()
   
       consumer, err := master.ConsumePartition(TOPIC, 0, sarama.OffsetOldest)
       if err != nil {
           panic(err)
       }
   
       signals := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
       signal.Notify(signals, os.Interrupt)
   
       doneCh := make(chan struct{})
       go func() {
           for {
               select {
               case err := <-consumer.Errors():
                   fmt.Println(err)
               case msg := <-consumer.Messages():
                   fmt.Println("Received messages", string(msg.Key), string(msg.Value))
               case <-signals:
                   doneCh <- struct{}{}
               }
           }
       }()
   
       <-doneCh
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   package main
   
   import (
       "fmt"
       "strings"
   
       "github.com/IBM/sarama"
   )
   
   const BROKERS = "<host>:<port>"
   const USER = "<user_name>"
   const PASSWORD = "<password>"
   const TOPIC = "<topic_name>"
   
   func main() {
       brokers := BROKERS
       splitBrokers := strings.Split(brokers, ",")
       conf := sarama.NewConfig()
       conf.Producer.RequiredAcks = sarama.WaitForAll
       conf.Producer.Return.Successes = true
       conf.Version = sarama.V3_3_1_0
       conf.ClientID = "go_client"
       conf.Net.SASL.Enable = true
       conf.Net.SASL.Handshake = true
       conf.Net.SASL.User = USER
       conf.Net.SASL.Password = PASSWORD
       conf.Net.SASL.SCRAMClientGeneratorFunc = func() sarama.SCRAMClient {
           return &XDGSCRAMClient{HashGeneratorFcn: SHA512}
       }
       conf.Net.SASL.Mechanism = sarama.SASLMechanism(sarama.SASLTypeSCRAMSHA512)
       conf.Net.TLS.Enable = false
   
       syncProducer, err := sarama.NewSyncProducer(splitBrokers, conf)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't create producer: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
   
       msg := &sarama.ProducerMessage{
           Topic: TOPIC,
           Value: sarama.StringEncoder("message"),
       }
       _, _, err = syncProducer.SendMessage(msg)
       if err != nil {
           fmt.Println("Couldn't send message: ", err.Error())
           panic(err)
       }
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Node.js

1. Install the kafkajs library:

   npm install kafkajs

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   const { Kafka } = require('kafkajs');
   
   const config = {
     brokers: ['<host>:<port>'],
     ssl: false,
     sasl: {
       mechanism: 'scram-sha-512',
       username: '<user_name>',
       password: '<password>',
     },
   };
   
   const kafka = new Kafka(config);
   const consumer = kafka.consumer({ groupId: 'example' });
   
   const run = async () => {
     await consumer.connect();
     await consumer.subscribe({
       topic: '<topic_name>',
       fromBeginning: true,
     });
   
     await consumer.run({
       eachMessage: async ({ message }) => {
         console.log({ value: message.value.toString() });
       },
     });
   };
   
   run();

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   const { Kafka } = require('kafkajs');
   
   const config = {
     brokers: ['<host>:<port>'],
     ssl: false,
     sasl: {
       mechanism: 'scram-sha-512',
       username: '<user_name>',
       password: '<password>',
     },
   };
   
   const kafka = new Kafka(config);
   const producer = kafka.producer();
   
   const run = async () => {
     await producer.connect();
     await producer.send({
       topic: '<topic_name>',
       messages: [{ value: 'message' }],
     });
     await producer.disconnect();
   };
   
   run();

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <user_name> — database username;
   • <password> — user password;
   • <topic_name> — topic name.

Java

1. Create a configuration file for Maven:

   pom.xml

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
       <groupId>com.example</groupId>
       <artifactId>app</artifactId>
       <packaging>jar</packaging>
       <version>1.0</version>
       <properties>
           <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
           <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
       </properties>
       <dependencies>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
               <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
               <version>2.0.7</version>
           </dependency>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
               <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
               <version>2.14.2</version>
           </dependency>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
               <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
               <version>3.4.0</version>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
       <build>
           <finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</finalName>
           <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
           <resources>
               <resource>
                   <directory>src</directory>
               </resource>
           </resources>
           <plugins>
               <plugin>
                   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                   <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                   <executions>
                       <execution>
                           <goals>
                               <goal>attached</goal>
                           </goals>
                           <phase>package</phase>
                           <configuration>
                               <descriptorRefs>
                                   <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                               </descriptorRefs>
                               <archive>
                                   <manifest>
                                       <mainClass>com.example.App</mainClass>
                                   </manifest>
                               </archive>
                           </configuration>
                       </execution>
                   </executions>
               </plugin>
               <plugin>
                   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                   <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                   <version>3.1.0</version>
                   <configuration>
                       <archive>
                           <manifest>
                               <mainClass>com.example.App</mainClass>
                           </manifest>
                       </archive>
                   </configuration>
               </plugin>
           </plugins>
       </build>
   </project>

2. Use the following connection example for a consumer:

   src/com/example/App.java

   package com.example;
   
   import java.util.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.*;
   
   public class App {
       private static final String HOST = "<host>:<port>";
       private static final String TOPIC = "<topic_name>";
       private static final String USER = "<user_name>";
       private static final String PASSWORD = "<password>";
   
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           String jaasCfg = String.format("org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required username=\"%s\" password=\"%s\";", USER, PASSWORD);
   
           String deserializer = StringDeserializer.class.getName();
           Properties props = new Properties();
           props.put("bootstrap.servers", HOST);
           props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
           props.put("group.id", "example");
           props.put("key.deserializer", deserializer);
           props.put("value.deserializer", deserializer);
           props.put("security.protocol", "SASL_PLAINTEXT");
           props.put("sasl.mechanism", "SCRAM-SHA-512");
           props.put("sasl.jaas.config", jaasCfg);
   
           Consumer<String, String>consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
           consumer.subscribe(Arrays.asList(new String[] {TOPIC}));
   
           while (true) {
               ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(100);
               for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record: records) {
                   System.out.println(record.value());
               }
           }
       }
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — username with the consumer role that has access to the topic;
   • <password> — user password.

3. Use the following connection example for a producer:

   src/com/example/App.java

   package com.example;
   
   import java.util.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.*;
   import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
   
   public class App {
       private static final String HOST = "<host>:<port>";
       private static final String TOPIC = "<topic_name>";
       private static final String USER = "<user_name>";
       private static final String PASSWORD = "<password>";
   
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           String jaasCfg = String.format("org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required username=\"%s\" password=\"%s\";", USER, PASSWORD);
   
           String serializer = StringSerializer.class.getName();
           Properties props = new Properties();
           props.put("bootstrap.servers", HOST);
           props.put("acks", "all");
           props.put("key.serializer", serializer);
           props.put("value.serializer", serializer);
           props.put("security.protocol", "SASL_PLAINTEXT");
           props.put("sasl.mechanism", "SCRAM-SHA-512");
           props.put("sasl.jaas.config", jaasCfg);
   
           Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
           try {
               producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>(TOPIC, "key", "message")).get();
               producer.flush();
               producer.close();
           } catch (Exception ex) {
               System.out.println(ex);
               producer.close();
           }
       }
   }

   Specify:

   • <host> — DNS address of the node;
   • <port> — connection port;
   • <topic_name> — topic name;
   • <user_name> — database username;
   • <password> — user password.

4. Build and run the application:

   mvn clean package
   java -jar target/app-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar